Farm assurance schemes are an inevitable and essential part of the UK livestock industries as they provide valuable assurances to the market over food safety, nonhuman animal welfare, and environmental concerns. However, there is potential for welfare assessment within such schemes to extend beyond existing resource-based parameters to include outcome-based observations of the behavior and phys...

following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. in their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. one of the most important factors is social welfare. this study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for c...

student organizations are active at social, political, cultural and welfare areas of student life. they have individual and systematic functions in those areas of student life. they have individual and systematic functions in that area too. their presence in university is necessary. this article describes their important functions. student organizations are active at social, political, cultural...

We propose an abstract method of systematically assigning a “rational” preference to non-rationalizable choice data. We define an individual welfare functional as a mapping from stochastic choice functions into weak orders. A stochastic choice function (or choice distribution) gives the empirical frequency of choices for any possible opportunity set (framing factors may also be incorporated int...

Following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. In their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. One of the most important factors is social welfare. This study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for c...

Individual heterogeneity is an important source of variation in demand. Allowing for general heterogeneity is needed for correct welfare comparisons. We consider general heterogenous demand where preferences and linear budget sets are statistically independent. We find that the dimension of heterogeneity and the individual demand functions are not identified. We also find that the exact consume...